This page was last edited on 14 november 2019, at 03. Adaptive plasticity of parasitoid acerophagus papayae noyes. Planning workshop on ipmomics for cowpea held in ghana. This bio lab at tropigha farms in kpando breeds acerophagus with support of mofa pprsd and moap. Nov 22, 2019 jothi b d, surulivelu t, rajan t s, valarmathi r, 2011. Conservation of the released parasitoids and other natural enemies like spalgis by avoiding chemical pesticide sprays. Now it has spread in europe, mediterranean, middle east, west and east africa. Acerophagus papayae noyes and schauff encyrtidae is one of the efficient parasitoids for the suppression of papaya mealybug in its native range.
Three species of encyrtid parasitoids acerophagus papayae. This page was last edited on 24 october 2015, at 16. Acerophagus papayae parasitising papaya mealybug 2. Classical biological control of the papaya mealybug. Schauff, anagyrus loecki noyes and meneze s, anagyrus californicus compere and pseudl. Effectiveness of three introduced encyrtid parasitic wasps acerophagus papayae, anagyrus loeckiand pseudleptomastix mexicana against papaya mealybug,paracoccus marginatus, infesting mulberry in tamil nadu n. Sivaprasad4 1research extension centre, central silk board csb, srivilliputtur 626 125, tamil nadu, india. Among the pests of papaya, paracoccus marginatus is a major pest. The overview url has a basic description of all the open path.
Monitor here for 12 weeks whether you find released parasitoids. Climate change, alternate energy and water resources institute, narc. Introduction the pprsd was established in 1965 by an act of parliament. Papaya, carica papaya, is an herbaceous perennial in the family caricaceae grown for its edible fruit. Jothi b d, surulivelu t, rajan t s, valarmathi r, 2011. Acerophagus papayae, paracoccus marginatus, natural enemies field reservoir riaz mahmood1, imam din keerio1, abdul rehman1 and khalid rashid1 1cab international pakistan center, opposite 1a data gunj bakhsh road, satellite. First report of papaya mealybug paracoccus marginatus. Two of the three previously released parasitoids a. Management strategies should include combination of biological, mechanical and chemical control measures.
The hindu notes 22nd september 2018 read important issues. Paracoccus marginatus is a mealybug native to central america. This category is automatically filled by the use of taxonavigation with parameter includehymenoptera. Kennedy department of crop protection, imayam institute of agriculture and technology, thuraiyur, trichy 621 206 department of agricultural entomology, tamil nadu agricultural university, coimbatore. Invitro study and field surveillance of acerophagus. This parasitoid was introduced from puerto rico in 2010 through usdaaphis for use against the papaya mealybug. No difference was recorded in the developmental time of male and female a. Papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus is an invasive pest from central america that has caused havoc in both agricultural and horticultural crops.
International journal of scientific and research publications ijsrp, volume 5, issue 12, december 2015 edition. It is a highly polyphagus insect pest causing severe yield loss in papaya. The role of integrated pest management in usaids feed the. Behaviour and evolutionary response of parasitoid acerophagus papayae noyes and schauff using different olfactometers r. Fecundity, longevity and development time of parasitoid. Pseudococcidae commonly known as papaya mealybug pmb is reported for the first time in malaysia on papaya. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. Ipmnet news welcomes information about websites, publications, cddvds, or videos focused on, or related to, crop ipm, crop protection, or invasive species.
Pseudococcidae, a pest in central america and the caribbean, was noted to have established on palau in march 2003 and was causing serious damage to papaya, plumeria, hibiscus, and other plants. Acerophagus papayae exhibited a highly significant sexbiased development ratio as a female dominant progeny emerged while feeding on female hosts and vice versa. Characterization and identification of acerophagus papayae noyes. Pdf acerophagus papaya, a solitary endoparasitoid, is widely used in classical biological control of papaya mealybug, paracoccus. Pdf on jan 1, 2019, aqsa arshad and others published parasitism behavior of parasitoid and host relationship of acerophagus papayae on paracoccus marginatus under laboratory conditions find. This is a featured picture, which means that members of the community have identified it as one of the finest images on the english wikipedia, adding significantly to its accompanying article. Pdf efficiency of acerophagus papayae on different host stage. Effectiveness of three introduced encyrtid parasitic wasps. Acerophagus papayae is more efficient in controlling p.
Acerophagus papayae, a parasitoid of papaya mealybug, is found in pakistan fecundity, longevity and development time of parasitoid, acerophagus papayae on papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus. Successful biological control of this pest strongly relies on its mass rearing in order to produce its introduced natural enemy, acerophagus papayae. These 3 dots help to identify acerophagus papayae which is only 1 mm long. Dispersal range of acerophagus papayae determined by rate of parasitism for observations on dispersal range of a. The fsca collection of encyrtidae is housed in 29 drawers. Invitro study and field surveillance of acerophagus papayae on. Pprsd is the national plant protection organisation nppo with the mandate. Pakistan entomologist role of natural enemies field reservoir. Acerophagus papayae on pmb in laboratory conditions and other is working on. Secondly, it facilitated select cluster of papaya growers to meet the concerned authorities and scientists of tamil nadu agricultural university tnau, coimbatore to appraise them of the gravity of the situation and the need for getting effective biocontrol agent acerophagus papayae noyes and schauff through icarnbaii national bureau of. Sakthivel abstract three exotic encyrtid parasitoids viz. Papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus, hemiptera, pseudococcidae, anagy rus loecki, pseudleptomastix mexicana, acerophagus papayae. Analisis kuantitatif potensi acerophagus papayae noyes. Mean number of hyperparasitoids emerging from acerophagus papayae treatment number of hyper number of per cent duration of life cycle parasitoids emerged a.
Efficiency of acerophagus papayae on different host. Outbreaks of papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus. Role of natural enemies field reservoir nefr in farmer fields for controlling papaya mealy bug paracoccus marginatus at karachi keywords. Researchers links ltd academic publishing corporation. Encyrtidae, parasitoid kutu putih pepaya adalah karya saya dengan arahan dari komisi pembimbing dan belum diajukan dalam bentuk apapun kepada perguruan tinggi manapun.
Acerophagus papayae a parasitoid of papaya mealy bug pmb paracoccus marginatusaugmented 100,000 to 250,000 mummies per month and released in papaya orchards in sindh and balochistan throughout the year. Acerophagus papayae on pmb in laboratory conditions and other is working on parasitisms on pmb in winter season in karachi. Life history of papaya mealybug paracoccus marginatus, and the effectiveness of three introduced parasitoids acerophagus papayae, anagyrus loecki, and pseudleptomastix mexicana by kaushalya gunewardane amarasekare a dissertation presented to the graduate school of the university of florida in partial fulfillment. Invitro study and field surveillance of acerophagus papayae on papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus in northern, sri lanka 12 1v. The collection currently includes 192 identified species in 111 genera. Encyrtidae hymenoptera insect collection explore the. It has been spread accidentally outside its native range by trade in live plant material, such as papaya fruits. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Acerophagus papayae had a higher percentage parasitism than a. Acerophagus papayae laying eggs into the papaya mealy bug.
Acerophagus papayae is a koinobiont endoparasitoid of the invasive papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus and has been introduced as a classical biocontrol agent of the mealybug in many countries. Considering the scarce information about the effect of temperature on biology of papaya mealybug and its parasitoids, the effect of different temperature regimes on papaya mealybug, p. Pseudococcidae is an invasive pest insect that can damage a wide range of agricultural crops. This category should only contain species categories and galleries. The papaya plant is treelike,usually unbranched and has hollow stems and petioles. An acerophagus papayae in nahilalakip ha genus nga acerophagus, ngan familia nga encyrtidae. Acerophagus papayae, accidentally introduced parasitoid of paracoccus marginatusin malaysia was studied for parasitism, sex ratio, developmental time and gregariousness behaviour. Venkatesan and others published characterization and identification of acerophagus papayae noyes and schauff. Appendix d of 2nd international workshop on remote sensing of. Three introduced parasitoids acerophagus papayae, anagyrus loecki, and pseudleptomastix mexicana of the mealybug paracoccus marginatus have been released in miamidade and broward counties florida in 2003. Pseudleptomastix mexicana and anagyrus loecki, known to suppress the papaya mealybug in its. Life cycle, life table, parasitoid, acerophagus papayae, papaya mealybug paracoccus marginatus, local adaptation, coevolutionary arms race 1. Sep 22, 2018 eventually, together with the nbair, they imported three parasitoids, or insects whose larvae kill the mealybug.
Encyrtidae and produced a total of 7 lakhs parasitoids during 20102012 and supplied to cover 7000 ha under various crops including papaya, mulberry, tapioca, flower crops etc. Mikunthan 1department of agricultural biology, faculty of agriculture, university of jaffna, sri lanka 2regional agriculture research development centre rardc, kilinochchi, sri lanka. This is your first entry to the taxa hierarchy display. It is found on a number of different hosts, including economically important tropical fruit trees and various ornamental plants. Pdf acerophagus papayae is a koinobiont endoparasitoid of the invasive papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus and has been. Life cycle of the parasitoid acerophagus papayae noyes and. Pdf characterization and identification of acerophagus papayae. Monthly major activities report of parc for the month of november 2015. Acerophagus papayae parasitising papaya mealybug 2 min with text srinivasan m.
Acerophagus papayae, paracoccus marginatus, natural enemies field reservoir riaz mahmood1, imam din keerio1, abdul rehman1 and khalid rashid1 1cab international pakistan center, opposite 1a data gunj bakhsh road, satellite town, rawalpindipakistan. Mass multiplication of mealybug parasitoids was immediately taken up in tnau in agricultural and horticultural colleges, 36 research stations and 14 krishi vigyan kendras on a war footing manner and the effective parasitoid viz. Host plants raised in pots for biology and life cycle studies of papaya mealybug paracoccus marginatus and acerophagus papayae. Pdf parasitism behavior of parasitoid and host relationship. Growing of less preferred crops like greengram, blackgram, soyabean, castor, sorghum etc. Characterization and identification of acerophagus papayae. This appendix provides a toolbox of information for learning more about open path technologies.
The wasp, which is smaller than a pin head, is extremely effective because it is speciesspecific, preying only on the papaya mealybug. Avoid continuous cropping of cotton both during winter and summer seasons in the same area as well as ratooning. Pdf parasitism behavior of parasitoid and host relationship of. Population parameters of tetranychus merganser boudreaux. After experiments to test whether these parasitoids attacked other beneficial species in india, such as the mulberry silk worm and honeybees, researchers chose one of the three.
The papaya mealybug was discovered in manatee and palm beach counties in florida in 1998 and subsequently spread rapidly to several other. The adult wasps lay their eggs inside the mealybug larvae. In thailand, cambodia and the philippines, low numbers of papaya mealybug, some parasitized, have been observed possibly due to the presence of a. Introduced in india in july 2010 and released in the field after quarantine screening in andhra pradesh, karnataka, kerala, tamil nadu, maharashtra, and tripura. The leaves are palmately lobed, spirally arranged and clustered at the growing tip of the trunk. Encyrtidae acerophagus papayae, the primary parasitoid of papaya mealybug, spends a significant portion of its life cycle attached with a single host viz. Efficiency of acerophagus papayae on different host stage. Bulletin the iita bulletin is produced by the communication office. Kennedy behaviour and evolutionary response of parasitoid acerophagus papayae noyes and schauff using different olfactometers published at.
Papaya pawpaw diseases and pests, description, uses. An acerophagus papayae in uska species han hymenoptera nga ginhulagway ni john s. Acerophagus papayae, anagyrus loecki and pseudleptomastix. An acerophagus in nahilalakip ha familia nga encyrtidae an kladograma hini sumala ha catalogue of life. Acerophagus papayae was the major parasitoid of pmb. Therefore, it was necessary to study their biology in order to make better decisions in their management. Forewarning pertaining to papaya mealybug incidence on mulberry in tamil nadu s. Efficiency and establishment of three introduced parasitoids.
Papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus williams and. Paracoccus marginatus, commonly known as the papaya mealybug, is a small sapsucking insect in the mealybug family, pseudococcidae. Redistribution of the natural enemies to new areas infested by the mealybug. An wikispecies in mayada impormasyon nga may pagkahisumpay ha. Biocontrol of hemipteran insects authorstream presentation. Kennedy2 1department of crop protection, imayam institute of agriculture and technology, thuraiyur, trichy 621 206. Tetranychus merganser is a mite species that causes greater economic damage in the papaya carica papaya production area in the state of veracruz, mexico. Pakistan entomologist role of natural enemies field. Adaptive plasticity of parasitoid acerophagus papayae.
Sexual dimorphism is usually observed in papaya mealybugs. Behaviour and evolutionary response of parasitoid acerophagus. Prevention and control of pests and diseases of plants act, 307. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Efficiency and establishment of these previously introduced parasitoids to control p. Using parasitoids to infer a native range for the obscure mealybug, pseudococcus viburni, in south america. You can modify these specifications at any time by clicking the change items displayed button in the header. Monitoring of fruit flies through methyl eugenol in ber was carried out in coastal climatic conditions. The parasitoid was able to develop in all stages of p. Acerophagus papaya, a solitary endoparasitoid, is widely used in classical biological control of papaya mealybug, paracoccus marginatus. Pseudococcidae 3 miller and miller 2002 give a complete description of all instars of both sexes of the papaya mealybug, as well as a complete description of characters used to distinguish the papaya mealybug from other closely related species. Commons is a freely licensed media file repository. No name of the insect common name order family 1 aleurocanthus woglumi ashby citrus black fly hemiptera aleyrodidae 2 bemisia tabaci gennadius tobacco whitefly, cotton whitefly hemiptera aleyrodidae 3 dialeurodes citri ashmead citrus whitefly hemiptera aleyrodidae 4 aphis craccivora koch cowpea aphid hemiptera.
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